Mechanical movement



June 13,l 1939. H. lcHRlsMAN v 2,162,375

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Filed June 13, 1935 2 SheetsSheet l June 13, 1939.H. cHRlsMAN 'l MEGHANIGAL MOVEMENT Filed June 15, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2IN VENT OR.

fsfwmc @mrs/mem ABY ATTORNEY.

1art1-iaiv June 13, 1959 UNITED STATESy PATENT ori-lonl MECHANICALMOVEMENT Horace Chrisman, Edgewood, Pa., assignor to PittsburghEquitable Meter Company, Pitts- 'burgh, Pa., a corporation ofPennsylvania Application June 13, 19.35, serial No. 26,435 1;zo1aims.A(c1. u-im mechanism thereof.. The invention will be described inconnection with its use in a liquid meter, but it will be understoodthat the invenlO Xtion is not limited thereto.

The registers used in various fluid displacement meterscommerciallyavailable are ,not ordinarily calibrated in accordance with thedisplacement of themeter. A -gear transmission is usually em- 1J pioyedbetweeny the meter and register, and by substituting gears of variousratios in said transmission it ispossible to drive the register toapproximately indicate the ow through the meter.` However, this type ofadjustment requiresthat 2q a large stock of gears of various ratios bekept4 .on hand. and further has the limitation that very close andaccurate adjustment cannot be accomplished.v Also in this constructionthe register will be driven in the 'same direction as the 25 meter atall times. One object of my invention is to provide a movementtransmission between a ,meter and register which is very accurate andcan be adjusted with precision to calibrate the meter with the Iregister. or to adjust for fluctuations in price of the commoditymeasured, or for other purposes and which can be sealed in adjustedposition'.

Another object is the provision of a transmission which will drive theregister in an ascending direction regardless of the direction ofmovement of the meter. c

A further'object is the provision of "a transmission between a meter andregister which is inexpensive to manufacture, adjustable and ac- '40curate, and which can be readily substituted in vabrious types of metersnow commercially availa le.

Accordingto the present invention, lthe register drive shaft which isdriven by 4themeter is given a periodically recurring rotation, the exytent of' rotation vbeing adjustable within predetermined limits so thatthe indication ofthe register can be brought into exact correspondencewith the flow through the meter.

In' the preferred embodiment of my invention, Y

I provide primary and secondary oneway clutches Ain the transmissionbetween the meter and register, said clutches preferably having 'acommon driven member to which the register drive shaft is` secured.ksaid Vcommon driven member being on the end of the shaft.

positively driven from the meter through a primary clutch, and receivinga periodical overdrive throughV the secondary clutch. The overdrive 'canbe imparted to said common member from any point moved eccentricallywith respect to the 5- 'center of vone ofii said clutches, andv in thepreferred embodiment, is imparted to said common rmember from a-crankand connecting link driven at a greater angular speed than the primaryclutch. The preferred embodiment has the furl0 therv advantage that theregister will always be -driven lin an ascending direction regardless ofthe direction of flow through the meter. The primary and secondary oneWay clutches are preferably of the one way ball or roller friction type,15

' as this type of clutch is signally free from error due to slippage andcan be accurately adjusted. However, it will be understood that other'suitable types of one'jvay'or friction drives may be employed in placethereof. 20 For a further detailed description of my invention,reference is 4made to the accompanying drawings wherein: y

Figure 1 is a view partly in section of the preferred embodiment of myinvention employed in 25 combinationwith a meter and register; Figure 2is a sectional-viewl taken on line II'II of Figure 1;

Figure L.v is a vertical section takenv on line III-III of Figure 2; anda 30 Figure 4 is a horizontal section taken on line` shaft 2 passingthrough a stuiling boxI 3 in the casing, a driving gear 4 beingsuitablymounted The gear'4 drives a spur gear 5 which is secured on astub shaft9 journalled in any suitable manner in the casing I. The gear l ts overthe hub Ii of a table 1 and is secured to the ytable by machine screws 8or any other suitable means, and the table 1 and gear assembly ,issecured to shaft 2 by av 4.5 set screw` II.' .c I The table 1 has acentral depression I2 (Figure 3) which receives a clutchdrum havingacylindrical .clutch wall I3 and a circular head Il toV which issecuredthe enlarged fiuted end' 50 of driven shaft I5, a reduced stub I6thereof extending into and being journalled in hub 6. The

other vend of shaft I5 is journalled in any suiting I9 therein, the endof the shaft being squared as indicated at 20 and is'adapted to becoupled by a coupling (not shown) to the register I suitably secured tothe meter case by cap screws 20' having suitable holes inthe headsthereof so they can be sealed by a wire and lead seal. I'he table 1carries an exterior or primary one way grip clutch designated generallyby the numeral 2| which is secured thereto by screws' 8, and is arrangedto drive the clutch drum I3 in the direction of rotation of shaft 2.'Ihe clutch is constructed in any suitable manner,-and in the preferredembodiment comprises an annular disk 22 (Figure 4) having `tangentialrecesses 23 in its inner periphery in which are located balls or rollers24 of steel or other suitable material urged inwardly by springs 25 inthe recesses. The balls and springs are covered by two similar annularcover plates 26 and 21, rivetedor otherwise secured to the middle plate22, and have turned in portions 28 at their inner peripheries`whichprevent the .balls 24 from falling out of the recesses. The arrangementis such that when the primary clutch turns clockwise as seen in Figure4, the balls 24 will grip the hardened clutch drum I3 so that the drumand shaft I5 will rotate in unison with shaft 2.

Within the drum |3 is a secondary similar one way clutch assemblydesignated generally by the numeral 3| and similarly constructed withballs or rollers 32 received in the tangential recesses 33 and urgedoutwardly by springs 34. 'I'he secondary clutch assembly 3| is freelyrotatable on the driven shaft I5, and the arrangement of recesses andballs thereinissuch that when the drum I3 is driven by the outer clutch2| the clutch drum I3 idles, over vthe balls 32 of the secondary clutch.y

A bushing 35 is secured to clutch member 3| lnwhich shaft is looselyrotatable, and the so-'called fixed `plate 36 of an adjustment mechanism is journalled snugly about the enlarged end 31 of bushing 35 andsecured to the secondary clutch` element by rivets or in any suitablemanner. The vplate 36 has a bifurcated lug 38 riveted or otherwisesecured thereto. A second or` movable adjustment plate 4| is superposedon the 'plate 36 `and is pivoted thereto as by a screw IlV 42. Thesecond plate 4| carries a crank pin 43, and hasfan arcuate slot 44through which extends the driven shaft I5. 'I'he gear 5, which is drivenby spur gear 4, carries a crank pin 45, and a. connecting link 46 hasonel end journalled there- 0nthe other-end being journalled 0n the crankpin 43. The plate 4I carries a slit boss 41 which has. an internallythreaded bore 43 therethrough, and an adjustment screw 4 9 is threadedthrough the boss 41 and 'abuts the bifurcated lug 33 on the plate 36.Access to the screw 43 can be had for adjusting-the drive by removingthreaded plug 54 from the bore 5| in the casing and inserting a' screwdriver through the bore. The plug 5|) can be sealed by passing a wirethrough a-hole therein and through a cap screw 2li', the wire beingsealed-'by a lead seal.

The mode of operation' will now be described. The metershaft 2 drivesthe primary clutch 2|, to which it is secured, in clockwise directiomanddrum I3, to which the register driving shaft I5 is`'secured, is grippedand driven positively in clockwise. direction by the' wedging engagementof the clutch balls 24 of the primary clutch therewith The gear 5 andthe radius 'of crank pin 45 are smaller 4than gear -4 and are driven ata. greater angular speed. Each time gear 5 nukes a complete revolutionthe eccentric. throw of crank pin 45 and link 46 oscillate theadjustment plates 36 and 4|, which are secured to the secondary clutch3|, through a predetermined angle at a greaterV angular speed thanprimary clutch *i the secondaryeclutch slips over the clutch drum,

due to the automatic release of the balls 32.

When screw49 is turned 'in one direction it spreads plates 36 and 4|about pivot pin 42 and thus shifts the 'distance between crank pin 43and central shaft |5. Since the throw of crank pin 45 is fixed, thisshifting varies the angle of oscillation of plate 36 and hence variesthe-angle of oscillation' during which the overdrive is imparted toshaft I5. Hencel this adjustment shifts the overdrive and provides forrotating -shaft I5 at'any desired ratio with respect to shaft 2; Shouldthe meter be reversed accidently, or to produce a fraudulent reading,the Iprimary clutch 2| will not drive clutch drum I3, but the plates 36and V4'I will be oscillated by gear 5 in the same way as previouslydescribed, and secondary clutch 3| will advance the shaft l5periodically during the gripping cycle of oscillation of the secondaryclutoh.- Hence, the register will be intermittently driven in the samedirection so that the reading oflthe register will not be reversed byreversing the direction of rotation of the meter. I

Any suitable means may be employed to impart a rotary movement to thesecondary clutch,V and it will be apparent that an oscillating orrecipro- 4eating movement may be employed for this pur- I pose. Also,the primary movement may be imparted to crank 45, and clutch 2|l willbecome the secondary clutch. Further, the adjustment may be made in anysuitable manner, as .by varying the ratio between gears 4 and 5, byvarying the throw of eccentric 43, or otherwise as desired.

'I'he invention may be embodied in other specific forms withoutdeparting from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. 'Ihepresent embodiment is therefore to be considered in all respects asillustrative, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appendedclaims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes whichcome within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims aretherefore intended to be embraced therein. l

What is claimed and desired t'o be secured by United States LettersPatent is:

1. In a mechanical movement, a driving shaft,

va driven shaft fixedly journalled and concentric therewith, a memberrotated by the driving shaft, continuously rotated one-way drive meanssupported by said member and having adriving enga'gement with`saiddriven shaft, a separate second one way drive means for imparting rotaryimpulses in one direction to said means, and

' means for intermittently actuating said second one 'way drive means,whereby said driven shaft is rotated bythe faster moving one-way drivemeans.

2. In a mechanical movement, a driving shaft, a driven shaft concentrictherewith, a plate rotated by the driving shaft, a clutch drum supl n v2,162,875

ported by said plate and having a driving engagement with said drivenshaft, a one-way clutch for driving said clutch drum in one direction, a

`second one way clutch for imparting intermittent by said driving shaft,and means connecting said eccentric and second one way clutch foroscillating said second one way clutch, whereby said driven shaft isrotated by the faster moving oneway clutch.

4. In a mechanical movement, a driving shaft, a driven shaft concentrictherewith, a member rotated by the driving shaft, a clutch drumsupported by said member and having a driving engagement with saiddriven shaft, a one way clutcn member secured to said first member andhaving means engaging said clutch drum in one direction of rotation, aone way drive means for imparting intermittent driving impulses in onedirection to said clutch drum, and means for oscillating said one waydrive means, whereby said driven shaft is rotated by the faster mavingoneway drive means.

5..In a mechanical movement, a driving shaft,

" aprimary clutch member driven by said shaft, a

clutch drum adapted to be driven in one direction by said r.clutchmember, a second concentric clutch member adapted to engage said clutchdrum for driving said drum -in the same direction, the clutch drum beingdriven by the faster moving clutch member, -a pin secured to said secondclutch member, a gear on said driving shaft, a second gear meshing withsaid iirst gear, a crank pin driven by said second gear, a crank armconnecting said crank pins, and means for adjusting the eccentricity ofthe pin secured. to said second clutch member.

6. In a mechanical movement, a one way clutch mechanisml comprising anelement to be gripped, a plurality of primary gripping .elements adaptedto grip and lrotate said gripped element in one direction, means'forrotating said primary gripping elements in one direction, a crankrotatable about an offset axis, means for driving saidcrank from saidaforementioned means, a secondary clutch member adapted to grip androtate saidgripped element when rotated in gripping direction of .theprimary gripping elements means connecting said crank and secondaryclutch for. l

lm parting thereto intermittent impulses in one direction, whereby saidgripped element is rotated by the faster moving gripping element andmeans for adjusting the length of said impulses.

7. In a mechanical movement, a one wa;1 clutch member comprising amember adapted to be gripped, primary and secondary gripping members, adriving shaft for rotating said primary gripping member in onedirection, a crank adapted to be driven by said shaft, an arm connectingsaid crank and connected to said secondary clutch member, whereby saidgripped member is rotated by the faster moving gripping member and meansfor radially adjusting the point of connection between said arm andsecondary clutch member.

8. In a mechanical movement, a driven xedly journall'ed shaft, primaryone way drive means to rotate said driven shaft, a drive shaft, means Yto rotate said primary means at the same speed as the drive shaft,secondary rotatable one waydrive means, and rotatable means to oscillatesaid secondary one-way drive means to intermittently impart 4rotaryoverdrive impulses to said driven shaft.

9. In a mechanical movement, a driven shaft, releasable'primary one waydrive means to rotate said driven shaft, means to continuously rotatesaid primary means at a constant'speed, releasable secondary rotatableone way drive means. and rotary means to oscillate said secondary onewaydrive means to intermittently impart overdrive impulses to said drivenshaft.

10. In a mechanical movement, a driven shaft, a releasable primary voneway clutch to rotate said driven shaft, means to continuously rotatesaid primary clutch at a constant Speed, a releas- 'able secondaryrotatable one way drive means.

and rotary means to oscillate said secondary oneway drive means tointermittently impart overdrive impulses to said driven shaft.

11. In a mechanical movement, a driven mem'- ber, a primary one-wayclutch having means to grip and rotate said member in one direction, asecondary one-way clutch having means to grip said member when rotatedin gripping direction of the primary clutch, a crank, common means torotate said crank and primary one-way clutch, and a connecting rodbetween said crank and an eccentric point on the secondary clutch tooscillate said secondary clutch.

112. In a mechanical movement, a driven member, a primary one-way clutchhaving means to grip and rotate said member in one direction, asecondary one-way clutch having means to grip said member when rotatedin gripping direction of the primary clutch, a crank rotated from theprimary clutch, a connecting ,link between said crank anda point on thesecondary one-way clutch 'to oscillate said secondary clutch, and meansto adjust the radius of said point on the secondary clutch. Y

, HORACE 'CHRISMAK

